The Rudram, also known as the Shri Rudram or Shatarudriya, is a powerful Vedic hymn dedicated to Rudra, the fierce and compassionate aspect of Shiva. It is found in the Yajurveda, specifically in the Taittiriya Samhita (4.5, 4.7) and the Vajasaneyi Samhita. The hymn comprises two main sections: the Namakam (from 'namaḥ' meaning salutation), which recites the hundred names of Rudra, and the Chamakam (from 'cha me' meaning 'and to me'), which petitions for various blessings. The Namakam invokes Rudra's many forms, from the benign to the terrible, acknowledging his omnipresence and power.
The Chamakam lists desires such as longevity, prosperity, and spiritual growth, asking for them with humility. According to the Rudra Upanishad, the Rudram is a means to attain liberation and divine grace. The hymn is rich in beejaksharas (seed syllables) like 'namah' and 'svāhā', which are potent sounds that purify the chanter and environment. Traditional purpose includes purification from sins, healing of ailments, protection from negative forces, and transformation of consciousness.
It is chanted during Rudra Abhishekam, a ritual bathing of the Shiva linga with water, milk, honey, and other substances, often accompanied by the chanting of the Rudram. Recommended chanting context includes early morning or during auspicious times like Pradosham and Maha Shivaratri. The count is typically one, three, or eleven recitations, or a full Rudra Ekadashini (eleven recitations). Cautions: due to its intense energy, it should be chanted with proper pronunciation and reverence; beginners may start with shorter versions or under guidance.
The hymn is pan-Indian and revered across all sects of Hinduism.
The sacred hymn to Rudra (Shiva).
The Rudram contains numerous seed syllables such as 'namaḥ' and 'svāhā', which are potent sounds that purify the chanter and environment.