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Graha · Shadow Planet / North Lunar Node

Rahu

राहु
Svarbhānu·Vidhuntuda
Graha Shadow Planet / North Lunar Node

Rahu, also known as Svarbhānu in the Rigveda (5.40.5-9), is a shadowy celestial entity classified among the Navagraha (nine planets) in Hindu astrology.

§ 01Origins & Significance

Who is Rahu

Rahu, also known as Svarbhānu in the Rigveda (5.40.5-9), is a shadowy celestial entity classified among the Navagraha (nine planets) in Hindu astrology. The Rigveda describes Svarbhānu as an asura who strikes the sun with darkness, causing an eclipse, a myth that later evolves into the Puranic narrative of Rahu. According to the Mahabharata (Adi Parva, ch. 19) and the Bhagavata Purana (8.9.25-28), during the churning of the ocean (Samudra Manthana), the asura Svarbhānu disguised himself as a deva to drink the nectar of immortality.

Surya and Chandra detected the deception and alerted Vishnu, who severed Svarbhānu's head with his discus. However, the nectar had already reached the throat, making the head immortal. The head became Rahu (the ascending lunar node), and the tail became Ketu (the descending node). Rahu, enraged by Surya and Chandra's betrayal, eternally pursues them, causing solar and lunar eclipses when he swallows them.

The Skanda Purana (Kashi Khanda) elaborates on Rahu's role in eclipses, describing how the shadow planet temporarily obscures the luminaries. In iconography, Rahu is depicted as a dark, severed head riding a chariot drawn by eight black horses, often holding a sword or shield. He symbolizes obsession, illusion, and worldly desires, and is considered a malefic graha in Jyotisha Shastra, influencing sudden events, karmic debts, and material pursuits. Regional worship includes offerings during eclipses and propitiation through mantras like the Rahu Gayatri.

In Hindu cosmology, Rahu represents the north lunar node, a mathematical point where the moon's orbit intersects the ecliptic, embodying the principle of shadow and the unseen forces that shape destiny.

§ 02Etymology

Roots of the name

The name Rāhu is derived from the Sanskrit root 'rah' meaning 'to abandon' or 'to separate,' reflecting his severed state. In the Rigveda (5.40.5-9), he is called Svarbhānu, 'the splendor of the sun,' later reinterpreted as an asura who eclipses the sun.

The term 'Rāhu' appears in the Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa (3.1.1) as a demon causing eclipses. Regional variants include 'Rahu' in Hindi and 'Rāhu' in Tamil.

The name is also linked to 'rahas' (mystery), alluding to his hidden nature as a shadow planet.

§ 05Names & Epithets

Names by which the divine is addressed

Svarbhānu स्वर्भानु
The one who strikes the sun with darkness
Vidhuntuda विधुन्तुद
The tormentor of the moon
Rāhu राहु
The seizer, the ascending lunar node
§ 06Symbols & Attributes

What they hold

EclipsesShadowObsessionMystery
शि
Severed head
Iconic form as a head without body, symbolizing immortality and insatiable desire.
Dark chariot
Chariot drawn by eight black horses, representing his swift and shadowy nature.
§ 07Iconography in Depth

Form, mudras, weapons & vahana

Depicted as a severed head on a chariot. Dark complexion, holding weapons. Often shown swallowing the sun or moon.

§ 09Mantras

Sacred utterances

Mūla Mantra
ॐ राहवे नमः
Oṁ Rāhave namaḥ
Salutations to Rahu. The seed mantra for propitiation.
— Jyotisha tradition
Rāhu Gāyatrī
ॐ स्वर्भानवे विद्महे दिव्यनेत्राय धीमहि तन्नो राहुः प्रचोदयात्
Oṁ svarbhānave vidmahe divyanetrāya dhīmahi tanno rāhuḥ pracodayāt
Om, let us meditate on Svarbhānu, the divine-eyed one; may Rahu inspire our intellect.
— Jyotisha tradition
§ 11Astrological Associations

Vedic remediation guidance

Primary planet
Rahu
Alternate
Saturn
Day
Saturday
Colour
Smoke
Best time
Saturday evening after sunset
Favourable nakshatras
Ardra, Swati, Shatabhisha
Dasha focus
Rahu mahadasha (18 years); Rahu antardasha
Traditionally remedies
  • Rahu mahadasha challenges
  • Foreign-land issues
  • Sudden upheavals
  • Anxiety

Rahu, the severed head of Svarbhānu who drank the nectar of immortality, is worshipped for remediation because his headless form symbolizes the mind severed from spiritual light, perpetually chasing illusion and karmic debts. Worship of Rahu is most recommended when Rahu is afflicted in the 8th or 12th house, during Rahu mahadasha or antardasha, when Saturn is weak or retrograde in a dusthana, or during Sade Sati periods affecting the natal Moon. The concrete remedial pattern involves reciting the Rahu Beeja Mantra (ॐ भ्रां भ्रीं भ्रौं सः राहवे नमः) 18,000 times over 40 consecutive Saturdays, beginning on a Saturday in Ardra, Swati, or Shatabhisha nakshatra. Japa is performed facing southwest, wearing smoke-colored garments, with offerings of black sesame seeds, blue lotus, or coconut. Complementary observances include fasting until sunset, donating black blankets or iron to the needy, and avoiding travel during eclipses.

LagnaGuru original analysis · Traditional Vedic astrology references
§ 12Festivals & Vrata

The year of Rahu

Bhādrapada · Amāvasyā
Rāhu Kāla
Observed during solar or lunar eclipses; rituals include bathing, charity, and chanting mantras to mitigate malefic effects.
§ 13Where Worshipped

Tīrthas & major shrines

01
Nāga Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Temple dedicated to Rahu and Ketu, part of the Navagraha temples.
02
Kalahasti
Andhra Pradesh
One of the Navagraha temples; Rahu is enshrined here.
§ 14Scriptures

Where to read further

Rigveda
Mentions Svarbhānu as an asura who strikes the sun with darkness (5.40.5-9).
c. 1500–1200 BCE
Mahabharata
Adi Parva (ch. 19) narrates the churning of the ocean and Rahu's origin.
c. 400 BCE–400 CE
Bhagavata Purana
Describes Rahu's deception and beheading (8.9.25-28).
c. 500–1000 CE
Skanda Purana
Kashi Khanda elaborates on Rahu's role in eclipses.
c. 600–1200 CE
§ 16Related Deities

Continue exploring

Tail of the demon, descending lunar node
Ketu
केतु
Eternal enemy; Rahu pursues and eclipses the sun
Surya
सूर्य
Eternal enemy; Rahu pursues and eclipses the moon
Chandra
चन्द्र
Severed his head with the Sudarśana cakra
Viṣṇu
विष्णु
Sources: incorporates material from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0), Wikidata (CC0), Hindupedia (CC BY-SA), and Dowson's Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology (1879, public domain). Astrological correlations are LagnaGuru original analysis.