The Netra Mantra is a sacred chant dedicated to the health and vitality of the eyes. Its textual origins are found in the Atharvaveda (e.g., Atharvaveda 4.15.1-6, a hymn for eye health) and later in the Puranas, such as the Surya Purana, which prescribes mantras for vision. The mantra is associated with the deities Surya (Sun) and Chandra (Moon), who are considered the cosmic eyes of the universe, as well as the Ashwini Kumaras, the divine physicians of the Rigveda (Rigveda 1.116.16).
The beej-akshara (seed syllable) 'Om' is often prefixed, and the mantra 'Om Netraya Namah' invokes the essence of sight. Phonetically, the mantra emphasizes the 'tra' sound, which is believed to stimulate the optic nerves. Traditional purposes include relief from eye strain, improvement of vision, and healing of diseases such as cataracts and glaucoma.
According to the Mantra Mahodadhi (a tantric compendium), chanting this mantra 108 times daily at sunrise and sunset aligns the eyes with solar and lunar energies, promoting clarity. The recommended chanting context is during the twilight periods (sandhya) while facing east or west, using a japa mala of crystal or pearl beads. Cautions include avoiding chanting during eclipses or when the eyes are inflamed, as per Jyotisha texts.
The mantra is also linked to the festival of Surya Shashthi, a day dedicated to sun worship for eye health.
Salutations to the one who is the eye (or to the deity of sight).