The supreme dhyana mantra 'Shivoham' (I am Shiva) is a profound affirmation of non-dual realization, asserting the identity of the individual self (jivatman) with the supreme consciousness (Paramatman) as Shiva. This mantra is rooted in the Advaita Vedanta tradition and is extensively discussed in the Shiva Purana, where it is presented as a means to realize the oneness of the self with the ultimate reality. The mantra consists of two Sanskrit words: 'Shiva' (the auspicious one, the supreme consciousness) and 'Aham' (I am). Together, they form a mahavakya (great saying) that encapsulates the essence of non-duality.
The phonetics of 'Shivoham' involve the resonant 'Sh' sound, which is considered purifying, and the open 'A' in 'Aham', which represents the unmanifested consciousness. According to the Mantra Mahodadhi, this mantra is chanted for the dissolution of the ego and the direct experience of one's true nature as Shiva. The traditional purpose of 'Shivoham' is to transcend the illusion of separateness and attain liberation (moksha) while living (jivanmukti). It is recommended to be chanted during meditation, especially at dawn or dusk, in a quiet setting.
The ideal count is 108 repetitions per session, using a rudraksha mala. The mantra can be chanted mentally or aloud, with focus on the meaning. There are no strict cautions, but it is advised to approach this mantra with reverence and a clear understanding of its non-dual import, as it is a powerful tool for self-realization. The mantra is also associated with the Advaita texts, such as the Ashtavakra Gita and the Yoga Vasistha, which elaborate on the identity of the self and Brahman.
'Shivoham' is chanted on Maha Shivaratri and during Advaita study groups. It is worshiped pan-India and globally by seekers of non-dual truth.
I am Shiva.